Small early gaps in literal inference widen in elementary school and don't fully close by the end of middle school

Percent proficient in literal inference (comprehension) in the spring of kindergarten compared to first grade to third grade and eighth grade, by household socioeconomic status

Data collected from SY 98-99 through SY 06-07. Weighted by the ECLS-K cross-section full-sample parent weights: C2PWO, C4PWO, C5PWO, and C7PWO.
Chart: Munro RichardsonSource: Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 (ECLS-K)Get the dataCreated with Datawrapper