At Least 25% of Cited Publications Disappear
** n = 557 drugs approved since 2000 with 2,668 preapproved patents (average patents per drug = 4.8, median = 4, minimum = 1, and maximum = 34). P values corresponding to two-tailed t tests of equality for the outcomes between at-risk and not-at-risk drug approvals are indicated (†P < 0.10, **P < 0.01). Patent value comparison is based on a subset of 329 approvals, corresponding to public firms (196 approvals for which at least one cited publication would disappear, 32 approvals for which at least 25% of the cited publications would disappear).