Table 2. The main parameters of the amendments to the 2025 Russian federal budget

Figures are billions of roubles unless otherwise stated.

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GDP = gross domestic product.

Sources: Budget law: Russian Federal Law no. 419-ФЗ ‘О федеральном бюджете на 2025 год и на плановый период 2026 и 2027 годов’ [On the federal budget for 2025 and the planning period 2026 and 2027], signed into law 30 Nov. 2024. Amendments to 2025–27 federal budget: Russian Accounts Chamber, Заключение Счетной палаты Российской Федерации на проект федерального закона № 1026191-8 «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон «О федеральном бюджете на 2025 год и на плановый период 2026 и 2027 годов» [Conclusion of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation on Draft Federal Law no. 1026191-8 ‘On amendments to the federal law “On the federal budget for 2025 and the planning period 2026 and 2027”’] (Accounts Chamber: Moscow, 10 Oct. 2025), p. 20.