Status of Major Sino-Russian Oil Infrastructure
¹Zu, “Sharing Insights Elevates Their Impact”
²Kursiv Media Kazakhstan
Zhazetova, Zhanel. “Kazakhstan Expands Its Arrangement with Russia Related to Oil Transit to China.” Kursiv Media Kazakhstan, May 2, 2024.
³ The Maritime Executive, "Tanker Sanctions Hit Russia's Kozmino Oil Export Terminal," January 21, 2025, https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/tanker-sanctions-hit-russia-s-kozmino-oil-export-terminal.
Chart: Center for European Policy Analysis