Fig. 2 - Total mineral demand for clean energy technologies by scenario, 2020 compared to 2040 (Mt)
Solar PV
Wind
Other low-carbon power generation
EVs and battery storage
Electricity networks
Hydrogen
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0.74
0.64
0.31
0.43
4.98
0.00
1.49
1.20
0.66
3.99
7.61
0.02
1.82
1.70
1.22
12.65
9.88
0.08
3.31
2.91
1.29
21.47
13.91
0.16
2020
2040 - Stated Policies Scenario
2040 - Sustainable Development Scenario
2040 - Net-zero by 2050 scenario