Map showing tanker routes from Russia to India and from India to California in early 2025. Eleven red lines trace paths from Russian export terminals at Ust-Luga, Muuga, and Sheskharis through the Mediterranean Sea and Suez Canal to the Jamnagar refinery complex in western India. Three blue lines trace paths from Jamnagar eastward through the Strait of Malacca, across the Pacific Ocean, to refineries at Martinez and Long Beach, California. The routes converge at Jamnagar, illustrating how Russian crude oil is refined in India and re-exported to the United States as gasoline.