Pre-pandemic ridership demographics come from the MBTA's 2015-2017 Rider Survey. Low-income riders were identified as those with a household income of less than 60 percent of Area Median Income. Minority riders were identified as riders identifying as non-white and non-Hispanic. Recent ridership for bus and subway were calculated based on the difference between average weekday ridership for the week ending 4/30/21 relative to the week ending 3/13/20. Commuter rail ridership retention was taken from the MBTA's Forging Ahead plan, which included data as of October 2020.