Top occupations held by women of color in the United States, by racial and ethnic group

* This category excludes legal, medical, and executive assistants.

Note: For the purposes of this analysis, "women of color" constitutes non-Hispanic, nonwhite women of any other race—including women of two or more races—as well as Hispanic women, who may be of any race. In addition, "Asian American or Pacific Islander" constitutes individuals who identified their race as Chinese, Japanese, or "Other Asian or Pacific Islander" in the American Community Survey (ACS). Beginning with 2018 data, ACS occupation codes were adjusted and do not entirely match up with ACS occupation codes used from 2013 to 2017. This analysis used the 2018 ACS occupation codes.

Source: Author's calculations are based on an analysis of employed workers by sex, race, ethnicity, and occupation using data from the ACS five-year estimates. See Steven Ruggles and others, "Integrated Public Use Microdata Series for Social, Economic, and Health Research, Version 10.0, 2015–2019 American Community Survey: 5-year estimates" (Minneapolis: Minnesota Population Center, 2021), available at https://usa.ipums.org/usa/sda/.