Table 1

Prioritizing stay at home families disproportionately affects the first two income deciles

Number of families losing and gaining subsidies by income group.

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Author's microsimulation of ACS 1-Year Data from Steven Ruggles, et al. IPUMS USA: Version 16.0; and Margaret Todd and colleagues, "Key Cross-State Variations in CCDF Policies as of October 1, 2023," Urban Institute, May 2025.
* We count household income here because we are looking at families. CCDF agency eligibility only counts parent income.