Total average fog hours in Madhes Province districts (Dec 1, 2025 - Jan 6, 2026)

In December, the main winter month, normal fog duration is 3-6 hours. The Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) defines a cold wave as fog lasting continuously for a minimum of 48 hours without dissipating.

(Satellite Image: Planet Labs)

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Fog hours are estimated using the temperature-dewpoint spread. Values represent the average total hours per day across the Madhesh region. Data for 2026 is based on the latest available ERA5-Land climate reanalysis records.

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