Requires significant professional development
Shortage of qualified teachers
X
−16%
−20%
−15%
−10%
−5%
5%
10%
15%
20%
4%
Low certification rate − High certification rate
10%
−1%
Suburb − Rural
6%
13%
City − Rural
−1%
15%
City − Suburb
−7%
−4%
Low-poverty − High-poverty
−16%
