More than £30bn of taxpayers' money has been lost during the pandemic

Estimated loss, wastage, fraud, and value at risk by area of spending, £bn

Note: Fraud figures for the Furlough, EOtHO and Self-Employment Income Support Scheme are estimates based on total spend and 2020-2021 HMRC fraud percentages. NAO Bounce Back Loan estimates are as of March 2021, PPE loss figures are 2020-2021 and PPE value at risk is as of March 2022, vaccine wastage is the percentage in England applied to UK purchase spending as of October 2021.

Source: New Statesman analysis of figures from NAO / DHSC / HoC Library / HMRC / Valneva