Figure 13.2: Real Change in Defense Spending, 2022–2025

in 2021 U.S. dollars

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*Germany estimate for 2024. 2025 data not published by NATO.

Source: “Defence Expenditure of NATO Countries (2014-2025),” NATO, August 28, 2025, https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/ news_237171.htm.