Table 5. Effect across Types of Parliament Speeches
Notes: This table uses 2SLS to estimate the impact of enfranchised versus disenfranchised immigration on parliamentary speech types. Column 1 shows changes in total words about immigrants per parliament day. Column 2 represents the share of days an MP speaks on any topic. Column 3 denotes days an MP speaks about immigrants. Columns 4 and 5 further dissect Column 3 into speeches on petitions, direct questions, and private member bills (Column 4) and other references (Column 5). The control variables include party vote shares, the stock of immigrants, the ethnic identity of MPs, and immigrants’ observable characteristics. Immigration values are based on foreign-born populations from either enfranchised or disenfranchised countries relative to the baseline constituency and are instrumented via the shift-share method (detailed in Section 5.1). KP F stat refers to the Kleibergen-Paap F-stat for instrument significance in initial regression stages. F-stat (Enf) and F-stat (DisEnf) indicate the Sanderson-Windmeijer partial F-stat for each instrument in separate regressions. Robust standard errors clustered at the constituency level are in parentheses. ***, **, and * indicate significance at the 1, 5, and 10 percent levels. Data Source: Text of Speech from the UK Parliament Hansard, 1972 − 2011.
Get the dataEmbedDownload imageCreated with Datawrapper
