Canadian Macroeconomic Metrics Across Four Eras

Recovery and expansion phases, 1983–2025

* 2020–2025 real GDP per capita distorted by COVID collapse, recovery bounce, and immigration-driven population surge.
† SEPH average weekly earnings deflated by CPI. 2020–25 adjusted to −0.7%, reflecting actual hours-worked cost of rent (+27%) and food (+23%).
‡TSX price return plus estimated ~2.5% dividend yield.
Chart: The Epoch TimesSource: Statistics Canada, World Bank Group, Canadian Real Estate Association, Wealth AwesomeCreated with Datawrapper