Net migration is made up of non-EU nationals
Between 2012 and 2018, EU nationals made up the bulk of net migration to the UK; but since 2019, net migration is overwhelmingly made up of people from non-EU countries.
Since 2021, when Brexit came into force, net EU migration has been negative - meaning that more EU nationals have left the UK than moved to the country.
Data from 2000-2011 is for full year; data from 2012 is for the previous year to March. 2023 data is up to December. Figures taken and calculated by the Migration Observatory as of 2023.
