Children growing up in counties with challenging conditions (an average of the four indicators shown at left) were 54 percent more likely to be incarcerated as adults compared to children growing up in positive conditions.
Children growing up in counties with positive conditions (generally high share of college-educated adults, low share of single-parent families, unemployment rate, and low incarceration rate) were 54 percent more likely to be incarcerated as adults compared to children growing up in challenging conditions.