China's control rises after the mine

Estimated Chinese share of global production by stage, 2025, percent. The strategic shortage is not rare earth ore. It is commercially proven processing and magnet capacity outside China.

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Mining share calculated from estimated Chinese production of 270,000 tonnes and global mine production of about 390,000 tonnes in 2025.

Chart: VNANZ CapitalSource: US Geological Survey and International Energy Agency, as cited in RUSI, China and Rare Earth Supply Chains, June 2026. Mining share is a VNANZ calculation on USGS estimates.Get the data