Manhattan Institute (MI) ignores most government revenues

2013 government revenues, spending, and income, per capita (all persons), nominal$

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Sources: MI taxes from: Annual Social and Economic Supplement, US Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey for March 2013; personal income and GDP from: “National Data: National Income and Product Accounts,” Bureau of Economic Analysis, Sept. 2025.
Notes: MI/CPS taxes are federal income and FICA taxes. Other federal are: Corporate (30%), excise (13%), Medicare supplements (7%), unemployment (6%), financial revenue (26%), other (19%). Pure public goods are: interest payments on past debt, national defense (including veterans’ affairs and space), foreign affairs, legislatures, and subsidies. For full details: Bier, David J., Michael Howard, and Julián Salazar. “Immigrants’ Recent Effects on Government Budgets: 1994–2023,” White Paper, Cato Institute, February 3, 2026.