Low incumbency rates in India

Incumbency rate (in %)

Note: The incumbency rate is the percentage of winners who were already serving as members of parliament (MPs) from the previous election. Data for key countries, as of the latest election held in the respective countries, between 2000-2018.
Source: 'Legislative Resources, Corruption, and Incumbency,' from authors Martin S, McClean CT, Strøm KW (British Journal of Political Science)