Nearly All States Instituted Protective Health Mandates Against COVID-19

Mean mandate intensity score

A line chart comparing the mandate intensity score for states that voted for Biden with that for states that voted for Trump, showing that nearly all states instituted some protective measures

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Mandate intensity is a summary measure of a state’s overall use of protective health mandates against COVID-19.

Source: Bollyky TJ, Castro E, Aravkin AY, Bhangdia K, et al. Assessing COVID-19 pandemic policies and behaviours and their economic and educational trade-offs across US states from Jan 1, 2020, to July 31, 2022. Lancet 2023; 401: 1341–60.