Rs 9.6 trn spent on pensions in FY24

In Rs trillion

Data for central government includes defence pensions, railway pensions and other retirement benefits. Central government data for 2023-24 are revised estimates and 2024-25 are budget estimates. FY25 budget estimates was unavailable for all states. State government data for 2023-24 are budget estimates.
Source: CMIE, Budget documents, PIB, Business Standard calculations
Business Standard