Shifts resources from other programs
Meets resistance from teachers
Difficulty matching students and exams
X
5%
−20%
−15%
−10%
−5%
5%
10%
15%
20%
4%
Low certification rate − High certification rate
15%
5%
11%
0%
Suburb − Rural
6%
−3%
−3%
−7%
City − Rural
6%
1%
0%
−7%
City − Suburb
1%
3%
3%
−17%
Low-poverty − High-poverty
9%
1%
5%
