A bar chart showing the main increases and decreases in global presence (absolute value) between 1990 and 2025. Negative changes are shown by the lilac bars on the left, whilst positive changes are shown by the blue bars on the right. Most countries have increased their global presence, but in a highly uneven way. The US and China, and to a lesser extent other Asian countries (India, South Korea, Japan) and European countries (Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland), have recorded the largest increases.
Chart: Blanca González - Elcano Royal InstituteSource: Elcano Global Presence Index, Elcano Royal InstituteGet the data