Figure 1: Racial composition of US college population, state and federal prisons, and Second Chance Pell programs (2018)

Source: 1) Ruth Delaney and Chase Montagnet. Second Chance Pell: A Snapshot of the First Three Years. Vera Institute of Justice, 2020. 2) E. Ann Carson. Prisoners in 2018, Table 3. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2020. 3) U.S. Department of Education, NCES, HEGIS, “Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities” surveys, 1976 and 1980; IPEDS, “Fall Enrollment Survey” (IPEDS-EF:90); and IPEDS Spring 2001-Spring 2020, Fall Enrollment component. Get the data