Created with Raphaël 2.1.2
20
10 Liverpool
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
74
1 London
39
2 Manchester
36
3 Birmingham
29
4 Luton
28
5 Edinburgh
27
6 Bournemouth
27
7 Bristol
24
8 Newcastle
23
9 Coventry
20
10 Liverpool
Direct costs relate to the value of fuel and time wasted, while indirect costs relate to freighting and business fees from company vehicles idling in traffic that are passed on to the household bills through higher prices.
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