Vegetable (plant) “milk”-based frozen desserts, %, dry basis*

Note: Adapted from Tharp & Young on Ice Cream: Technical Short Course, Workshops, and Clinics, 2021.
Source: *Starting formulas: Compositions vary widely based in market positioning, deliverables and declarables; miscellaneous combinations of plant-based ingredients possible. **Similar or different plant-based fats/oils and/or protein sources. ***Sucrose and/or other sources of sweetness; compatible with market positioning, deliverables and declarables, including reduced sugars, sugar-free and/or reduced-, low-caloric contents. ****“High”-molecular-weight soluble bulking agents (starch hydrolysates and similar); compatible with market positioning deliverables and declarables, including potential pre- and probiotic positioning. *****Total solids compatible with sensory needs (flavor, body, texture), freezing point and fat agglomeration management, mix density and final overrun, yields, resistance to heat shock, etc.