Tech giants spend more on R&D than Horizon Europe and the National Science Foundation

Annual R&D spending in USD of large tech companies is higher than research spending by major public research agencies in the US and EU — and trending upwards.

The "EU Horizon" line reflects net contributions to projects by the Framework Programmes Horizon 2020 (2014-2020) and Horizon Europe (2021-2017) per calendar year and was converted to USD using the OECD PPP conversion factor for the European Union. Company data is by calendar year. NSF spending is obligations on projects (grants) by fiscal year; the year plotted is the fiscal year, not the calendar year. Amazon’s R&D numbers are OECD estimates, others are self-repoted. See the SwiFTBeRD dashboard for more details on the company data.
Chart: Elise CuttsSource: EU F&T Horizon Dashboard, US NSF, OECD SwiFTBeRD, OECD Data ExplorerGet the dataCreated with Datawrapper