A line chart shows annual fossil fuel-related CO2 emissions from 1960 to 2023, measured in gigatons. China leads with 11.90 gigatons in 2023, followed by the U.S. at 4.91 gigatons. Notably, emissions from India show a consistent upward trend, reaching 3.06 gigatons, EU emissions have dropped slightly since the 1970s, Russia has dropped since the 1980s. Japan has stayed fairly consistent over time.