Table 9. Result of all California law enforcement stops, stops with searches, and stops with searches excluding searches conducted during an arrest, 2023 

Note: Multiple punitive results could be indicated in a stop, though this occurred in less than 1% of all stops. Four stops did not have any results of stop indicated. ‘Other Punitive Outcome’ includes noncriminal transport, psychiatric hold, contacting legal guardian, and referrals to school administration, school counselor, and/or the Department of Homeland Security.
Chart: California Policy LabSource: California Open Justice RIPA Stop Data (2023).Get the data Created with Datawrapper