Union Membership by Nativity for 11-Month and 12-Month Samples, Percent of Employees, 1994–2025

Line chart comparing union membership rates by nativity using 12-month (solid) and 11-month (dashed) samples from 1994 to 2025. U.S.-born workers are light teal and foreign-born workers dark green. Solid and dashed lines move together, indicating minimal differences between samples.

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11-month estimates exclude October data. 12-month estimates are unavailable for 2025.

Chart: Hayley BrownSource: Author's analysis of Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group, 1994–2025. Get the dataEmbed Download image