Figure 3

Subsidizing mass transit makes the federal highway deficit about 2.5 times larger

Cumulative Highway Account deficits in billions of current dollars

(Please use a modern browser to see the interactive version of this visualization)

Author's analysis of "Status of The Federal Highway Trust Fund," Office of Highway Policy Information, Federal Highway Administration from 2011 to 2023.

Note that we ignore interest income and assume that the federal highway financing is pay-go.