Children’s living arrangements, 1980 through 2023

Calculations by the Strengthening Families Research Initiative using 1980 and 1990 US decennial census and 2000–2023 American Community Survey data. Observations are weighted using the child’s survey weight. Cohabiting parents cannot be identified in the 1980 census.
Chart: Notre Dame Strengthening Families Research InitiativeDownload imageCreated with Datawrapper