Figure 5. Solo self-employment rose in the most AI-exposed occupations

Average monthly solo self-employment in the 10 most and 10 least AI-exposed occupations, ranked using the AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) index, 2022–2025

Occupations are ranked using the AI Occupational Exposure (AIOE) index developed by Felten, Raj, and Seamans. The high-exposure group consists of the 10 most AI-exposed occupations, including financial examiners, actuaries, accountants and auditors, management analysts, economists, and lawyers. The low-exposure group consists of the 10 least AI-exposed occupations, including roofers, cement masons, brickmasons, landscaping workers, and dining room attendants. Values represent average monthly solo self-employment. Solo self-employment includes self-employed workers with no paid employees.
Chart: Liya PalagashviliSource: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (IPUMS-CPS); Felten, Raj & Seamans (2021) AIOE index