How do math skills relate to financial outcomes?

Both objective numeracy and numeric confidence matter to financial outcomes. People who scored 100% on a math test and also had high confidence in their numeric skills reported better personal finances than those who had high confidence but lacked the math skills to back it up.

Percentage of good outcomes for people with...

Chart: The Conversation, CC-BY-ND Source: Peters and Shoots-Reinhard, PNAS 2019 Get the data