CHART 3: The least educated families from the most historically disadvantaged groups have made more progress
Increase in likelihood (percentage points) of males being at least secondary school-educated, given father's education level (increase between those born in 1950s and 1980s)
Non-SC/ST
SC/ST
SC/ST
Secondary school and above
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
4.45
None
12.08
1.99
Class 1-5
14.44
6.29
Class 6-9
6.59
0.86
Secondary school and above
2.17
X-axis shows father's education level; the above calculations are based on the methodology suggested by M Azam and Vipul Bhatt (2015) “Like Father, Like Son? Intergenerational Education Mobility in India”